Python Data Types

 What are Data Types?

• Data Types define the kind of value a variable can hold in Python.

• They tell the computer what type of data we are working with, so it knows how to store it in memory and what operations can be done.

 Think of data types like different containers in a kitchen:

• A bottle for liquids (like float)

• A jar for cookies (like list)

• A box for books (like dict)

Python has different data types to store different kinds of information.

 Numeric Types

1. int → Whole numbers

   age = 21       # int
   print(age)
   

2. float → Decimal numbers

   price = 99.99  # float
   print(price)
   

3. complex → Numbers with real & imaginary part

   num = 2 + 3j   # complex
   print(num)
   

 Text Type (str)

• Strings are used for text inside quotes.

  name = "Harry Potter"
  print(name)
  

 Boolean Type (bool)

• Only two values: True or False

  is_student = True
  passed = False
  print(is_student, passed)
  

 Collection Types

1. list → Ordered, changeable, allows duplicates

   fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
   print(fruits[0])   # apple
   

2. tuple → Ordered, unchangeable, allows duplicates

   numbers = (1, 2, 3)
   print(numbers[1])  # 2
   

3. dict → Key-value pairs

   student = {"name": "Ali", "age": 20}
   print(student["name"])   # Ali
   

4. set → Unordered, unique values

   colors = {"red", "blue", "green"}
   print(colors)
   

 Key Takeaway

• Numbers → int, float, complex

• Text → str

• True/False → bool

• Collections → list, tuple, dict, set